Hippocampal Spatial Mapping As Fast Graph Learning

Cartesian mapping: storing a grid of dots and features located at that position.

Efficient cartesian mapping: storing only points which contain landmarks of interest.

Relation-based mapping: storing the relative position of a feature relative to the position of another anchor.

Head-direction cells: fire when the head is pointed at a given orientation.

Object-vector cells: fires when at distance and direction from some object of concern. Orientation is read from the head direction cells and environment cues.

Displacement cells: find positions between grid cells.

Grid cells for fixed resolutions and short repeating distances; vector cells for encoding long-range distances.